Last data update: May 13, 2024. (Total: 46773 publications since 2009)
Records 1-3 (of 3 Records) |
Query Trace: Tchuenche M[original query] |
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Estimating male circumcision coverage in 15 priority countries in sub-Saharan Africa
Stegman PM , Yee R , Davis J , Tchuenche M , Linder R , Zembe L , Frescura L , Kripke KE . J Int AIDS Soc 2021 24 Suppl 5 e25789 INTRODUCTION: Given the importance of voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) in reducing HIV incidence, access to and use of quality data for programme planning and management are essential. Unfortunately, such data are currently not standardized for reliable and consistent programme use in priority countries. To redress this, the UNAIDS Reference Group (RG) on Estimates, Modelling, and Projection worked with partner Avenir Health to use the Decision Makers Program Planning Toolkit (DMPPT) 2 Online to provide estimates of VMMC coverage and to support countries to set age- and geographic-specific targets. This article describes the methods and tools used for assembling, reviewing and validating VMMC programme data as part of the 2021 Estimates process. DISCUSSION: The approach outlined for integrating VMMC data using the DMPPT2 Online required significant country engagement as well as upgrades to the DMPPT2 Online. The process brought together local-level VMMC stakeholders, for example Ministries of Health, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, the World Health Organization (WHO), VMMC implementers and so on, to review, amend and agree on historical and more recent VMMC data. The DMPPT2 Online was upgraded to align with the Spectrum and Naomi models used in the Annual HIV Estimates process. In addition, new and revised inputs were incorporated to enhance accuracy of modelled outputs. The process was successful in mobilizing stakeholders behind efforts to integrate VMMC into the annual HIV Estimates process and generating comprehensive, country-owned and validated VMMC data that will enhance programme monitoring and planning. CONCLUSIONS: VMMC programme data from most of the priority countries were successfully reviewed, updated, validated and incorporated into the annual HIV Estimates process in 2020. It is important to ensure that these data continue to be used for programme planning and management. Current and future data issues will need to be addressed, and countries will need ongoing support to do so. The integration of the DMPPT2 Online into the annual HIV Estimates process is a positive step forward in terms of streamlining country-owned planning and analytical practices for the HIV response. |
The impact of HIV care and support interventions on key outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: a literature review - introduction
Kaplan JE , Hamm TE , Forhan S , Saadani Hassani A , Bang G , Weyant E , Tchuenche M , Langley C , Lapidos-Salaiz I , Bateganya MH . J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2015 68 Suppl 3 S253-6 As of December 2012, an estimated 35.3 million persons were living with HIV; approximately two thirds of these people were living in sub-Saharan Africa.1 The response to the HIV pandemic in Africa and in other low-and middle-income regions of the world has consisted of a variety of bilateral and multi-lateral support from donor agencies, as well as local support from countries that have been able to afford it. A majority of the support has been directed towards HIV care and treatment. | Accordingly, the past ten years have witnessed a remarkable increase in the number of HIV-infected persons receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in low- and middle-income countries--from 300,000 in 2003 to 9.7 million in 20121,2. Expanded access to ART in these countries has led to significant proportions of eligible persons enrolled on ART, reaching coverage rates as high as 61% based on the World Health Organization (WHO) treatment guidelines eligibility criteria of CD4 <350 cells/uL) in 2012.1 In 2013, WHO revised its guidelines to indicate eligibility at CD4 <500 cells/uL; under these criteria, only 34% of eligible persons were on ART in 2013.1 Nevertheless, these changes in access to ART were estimated to have averted 4.2 million deaths through 20122.1 | HIV treatment programs in low- and middle-income countries have been supported by a variety of sources, including over $50 billion through the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) from 2004 to 20133. PEPFAR programs are coordinated by the U.S. Department of State’s Office of the U.S. Global AIDS Coordinator (OGAC) in Washington, D.C.,; oversight of in-country expenditures is supported by additional U.S. government(USG) agencies with the majority of funds concentrated in 36 countries and regions 4 in sub-Saharan Africa, South and Central Asia, Eastern Europe, Central America and the Caribbean. PEPFAR supports a range of HIV care and treatment services besides ART including clinical (e.g. monitoring to determine eligibility for ART and prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections) and non-clinical services (e.g. psychological, social, and preventive)4. Services implemented through PEPFAR support in each country are determined through a dialogue between the USG, and host governments. PEPFAR country operating plans and budgets are submitted annually and reviewed by USG staff. |
The impact of media coverage on the transmission dynamics of human influenza
Tchuenche JM , Dube N , Bhunu CP , Smith RJ , Bauch CT . BMC Public Health 2011 11 Suppl 1 S5 BACKGROUND: There is an urgent need to understand how the provision of information influences individual risk perception and how this in turn shapes the evolution of epidemics. Individuals are influenced by information in complex and unpredictable ways. Emerging infectious diseases, such as the recent swine flu epidemic, may be particular hotspots for a media-fueled rush to vaccination; conversely, seasonal diseases may receive little media attention, despite their high mortality rate, due to their perceived lack of newness. METHODS: We formulate a deterministic transmission and vaccination model to investigate the effects of media coverage on the transmission dynamics of influenza. The population is subdivided into different classes according to their disease status. The compartmental model includes the effect of media coverage on reporting the number of infections as well as the number of individuals successfully vaccinated. RESULTS: A threshold parameter (the basic reproductive ratio) is analytically derived and used to discuss the local stability of the disease-free steady state. The impact of costs that can be incurred, which include vaccination, education, implementation and campaigns on media coverage, are also investigated using optimal control theory. A simplified version of the model with pulse vaccination shows that the media can trigger a vaccinating panic if the vaccine is imperfect and simplified messages result in the vaccinated mixing with the infectives without regard to disease risk. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of media on an outbreak are complex. Simplified understandings of disease epidemiology, propogated through media soundbites, may make the disease significantly worse. |
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